Stochastic Models of Manufacturing Systems or The Economics of the World Trading System

Stochastic Models of Manufacturing Systems: Prentice Hall International Series in Industrial and Systems Engineering

Author: John A Buzacott

Outlining the major issues thathave to be addressed in the design and operationof each type of system, this new text explores thestochastic models of a wide range of manufacturingsystems. It covers flow lines,job shops, transfer lines, flexible manufacturingsystems, flexible assembly systems, cellularsystems, and more. Forprofessionals working in the area of manufacturingsystem modelling.

Table of Contents:

	Preface
1	Discrete Part Manufacturing Systems	1
1.2	Classification	2
1.3	Different Types of Systems	2
1.4	Management Decisions	5
1.5	Models	8
1.6	Managers and Modelers	16
1.7	Scope of the Book	17
2	Evolution of Manufacturing System Models: An Example	19
2.1	Solving Problems Using Models	19
2.2	Modeling Approach	20
2.3	Generalizations	31
2.4	More Features of Actual Situation	37
3	Single-Stage "Produce-To-Order" Systems	43
3.2	Capacity and General Performance Relationships	46
3.3	Single-Stage Single-Class Systems	54
3.4	Multiple Servers	77
3.5	Priority Queues	80
3.6	Implications	91
4	Single-Stage "Produce-To-Stock" Systems	98
4.2	Issues in System Design and Operation	100
4.3	Single-Product-Type Produce-to-Stock Systems	103
4.4	Multiple-Product-Type Produce-to-Stock Systems	131
4.5	Produce-to-Stock Systems with Advance Orders	135
4.6	Implications of Models	145
5	Flow Lines	153
5.2	Issues in Flow-Line Design and Operation	159
5.3	Models of Indexing Lines	166
5.4	Models of Asynchronous Lines	176
5.5	Produce-to-Stock Flow Lines	207
5.6	Flow-Line Systems with Closed-Loop Material Handling	209
5.7	Implications of Models	213
6	Transfer Lines	227
6.2	Issues in Transfer Line Design and Operation	229
6.3	Nature of Line Stoppages	231
6.4	Transfer Lines with No Inventory Banks	236
6.5	Systems Separated by Infinite Inventory Banks	243
6.6	Synchronized Lines with Finite Capacity Banks	244
6.7	Asynchronous Transfer Lines with Variable Cycle Times	277
6.8	Implications of Models	287
7	Dynamic Job Shops	298
7.2	Issues in Planning, Control, and Scheduling	301
7.3	Representation of Job Flow	306
7.4	Jackson Open Queueing Network Model	315
7.5	Multiple-Job-Class Open Jackson Queueing Network Model	322
7.6	Incorporation of Material Handling	327
7.7	General Job Shop with Local Service Protocols	330
7.8	Multiple-Class General Job Shop	343
7.9	Implications of Models	349
8	Flexible Machining Systems	357
8.2	Design, Planning and Scheduling of FMS	361
8.3	Modeling FMS by Queueing Networks	365
8.4	Single-Class Closed Jackson Queueing Network Model	368
8.5	General Single-Class Closed Queueing Network Model of FMS	377
8.6	Multiple-Class Closed Jackson Queueing Network	385
8.7	Multiple-Class General Queueing Network	397
8.8	Semiopen Queueing Network Models	403
8.9	Implications of Models	404
9	Flexible Assembly Systems	416
9.2	Design, Planning, and Control of Flexible Assembly Systems	423
9.3	Material Handling Bottlenecks in Flexible Assembly Systems	427
9.4	Functionally Identical Assembly Stations with No Information Feedback	437
9.5	Functionally Identical Assembly Stations with Central Dispatch	443
9.6	Single-Sequence Flexible Assembly System	449
9.7	Assembly Systems with Flexible Routing	452
9.8	Assembly Lines with Strict Kit Sequence Requirements	456
9.9	Implications of Models	461
10	Multiple-Cell Manufacturing Systems	471
10.2	Issues in Design, Planning, and Operation	474
10.3	Modeling Issues	476
10.4	Multiple Cells with Free Flow	477
10.5	Multiple Cells with Free Flow Limited by Blocking	482
10.6	Multiple Cells with Controlled Dispatch	485
10.7	Multiple-Cell Systems Coordinated by PA Cards (PAC Systems)	490
10.8	Multiple-Cell Systems with Assembly Cells	515
10.9	Insights	519
11	Unresolved Issues: Directions for Future Research	530
11.2	System-Level Issues	530
11.3	Cell-Level Issues	535
	A Standard Probability Distributions	539
	B Some Notions of Stochastic Ordering	543
	C Nonparametric Families of Distributions	545
	Index	547

Book about: 101 Perfect Chocolate Chip Cookies or Biscuit Bliss

The Economics of the World Trading System

Author: Kyle Bagwell

World trade is governed by the rules of the World Trade Organization (WTO), the successor to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). The WTO sets rules of conduct for the international trade of goods and services and for intellectual property rights, provides a forum for multinational negotiations to resolve trade problems, and has a formal mechanism for dispute settlement. It is the primary institution working, through rule-based bargaining, at freeing trade.

In this book, Kyle Bagwell and Robert Staiger provide an economic analysis and justification for the purpose and design of the GATT/WTO. They summarize their own research, discuss the major features of the GATT agreement, and survey the literature on trade agreements. Their focus on the terms-of-trade externality is particularly original and ties the book together. Topics include the theory of trade agreements, the origin and design of the GATT and the WTO, the principles of reciprocity, the most favored nation principle, terms-of-trade theory, enforcement, preferential trade agreements, labor and environmental standards, competition policy, and agricultural export subsidies.